Which bacteria are primarily linked to the development of dental caries?

Streptococcus mutans is primarily linked to the development of dental caries due to its ability to ferment carbohydrates and produce lactic acid as a byproduct. This acid demineralizes the tooth enamel, leading to the formation of cavities. S. mutans is a significant contributor to the biofilm formation on tooth surfaces, enhancing the potential for plaque accumulation. The bacteria thrive in sugary environments, making them particularly relevant to individuals with high sugar intake, as they can rapidly metabolize sugars and produce the acids that cause tooth decay. Their presence in dental plaque indicates a higher risk of caries, confirming their central role in the disease process.