Which of the following steps is involved in the process of cavity preparation?

The process of cavity preparation is critical in restorative dentistry and typically involves multiple stages to ensure the proper removal of decayed tissue and the preparation of the tooth structure for filling material. Initial preparation is the first and essential step in this process, where the dentist assesses the extent of decay and removes demineralized or infected tooth structure. This stage sets the foundation for subsequent steps, ensuring that the cavity is clean and properly shaped to receive the restorative material.

While filling and polishing, smoothing the enamel surface, and fluoride application are important in the overall treatment plan, they occur after the initial preparation phase. Filling and polishing are focused on restoring the tooth's integrity and aesthetics, while smoothing the enamel is often considered part of the finishing touches after the cavity has been filled. Fluoride application, on the other hand, is a preventive measure that may take place after cavity treatment or as part of routine dental care, rather than being part of the cavity preparation process itself.