Which oral manifestation is associated with HIV/AIDS?

Hairy leukoplakia is a specific oral manifestation commonly associated with HIV/AIDS, particularly as a result of reactivation of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). It presents as white patches on the lateral borders of the tongue and is often seen in immunocompromised individuals. This condition serves as a clinical indicator of weakened immune function, which is characteristic of AIDS. The presence of hairy leukoplakia reflects the underlying viral infection and the body's reduced ability to control it, making it a significant marker within the oral health context of HIV/AIDS patients.

In contrast, the other listed conditions—gingivitis, actinomycosis, and periodontitis—are not specific to HIV/AIDS. While gingivitis and periodontitis are common dental issues that can affect anyone, they are influenced by various factors, including oral hygiene practices, and are not uniquely indicative of HIV infection. Actinomycosis is a bacterial infection that can occur in various patient populations, often not limited to those with HIV/AIDS. Thus, hairy leukoplakia stands out as a notable manifestation associated directly with the compromised immune system resulting from HIV/AIDS.