Which procedure is performed to remove defects and restore normal contours in the bone?

Osseous surgery is specifically designed to address defects in the bone structure, particularly around the teeth that may have resulted due to periodontal disease or other conditions. This surgical procedure involves reshaping the bone to eliminate pockets or irregularities that can harbor bacteria and make it difficult for the surrounding soft tissues to heal properly. By restoring normal contours in the bone, osseous surgery enhances the overall periodontal health, supports adjacent teeth, and improves the aesthetics of the gumline.

While endodontics focuses on issues related to the dental pulp and root tissues, and orthodontics concentrates on the alignment of teeth, osseous surgery serves a distinct purpose centered around bone health and structure. Periodontal therapy, on the other hand, can involve a variety of treatments targeting gum health but does not solely focus on the removal of bone defects or contouring, making osseous surgery the precise choice for the procedure described in the question.